Definition:
Hashing is the process of converting data into a fixed-length string of characters using a mathematical algorithm. The resulting hash is unique to the original data and is often used for data verification and integrity checks.
Use Cases:
- Used to securely store passwords by hashing them and comparing the hash values during authentication.
- Employed in digital signatures and blockchain technology to ensure data integrity.
Related Terms:
- Encryption
- Message Digest
- Digital Signature
- Checksum
Questions and Answers:
- How does hashing differ from encryption?
Hashing is a one-way function that converts data into a fixed-length output, while encryption is a reversible process that converts data into ciphertext and back into plaintext.
- Why is hashing important for password security?
Hashing secures passwords by converting them into unique hashes, which are stored in databases. Even if the database is compromised, attackers cannot reverse the hash to retrieve the original password.
- What are some common hashing algorithms?
Common algorithms include MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-256. However, MD5 and SHA-1 are considered weak and have been replaced by stronger algorithms like SHA-256.